Yyovelwliurad aTasobiT moqalaqe aTvalierebs qarTuli feodaluri kulturis Zegls_gelaTis monasters. Mmonastris arqiteqtura mnaxvels cocxlad warmoudgens im gardasul cxovrebas, romelic gelaTis qvis kedlebSi odesRac iyo gaCaRebuli.Moagoneben im istoriul ambebs, romelic, dakavSirebuli iyo am Zeglis damaarseblis d. aRmaSeneblis saxelTan.Saxelovani qarTveli erovnuli moRvaweebi: d. aRmaSenebeli, g.Wyondideli, demetre, giorgi III, Tamari, bagrat aleqsandres Ze, zaqaria qvariani, evdemon CxetiZe, solomon I da sxva, romelTa neSTi gelaTis wiaRSi asvenia.gelaTi Tavisi xatovani bunebiT waruSlel StabeWdilebas tovebs.gelaTi mdebareobs mdinare wyalwiTelas marcxena mxareze q.quTaisidan Cr_aR.iT kedlis daSorebiT.galavniT Semortymuli gelaTis monasteri kldovan tyiani mTis davakebul adgilze.Saq.s mefes daviT aRmaSenebels (1089_1125) monastris asaSeneblad sagangebod SearCia lamazi adgili, sadac man RvTismSoblis saxelobis didi taZari aago. Axlad agebuli monastrisTvis manve Seadgina samonastro Stati. jer kidev daviTis mefobis dros, gelaTi qarTuli kulturis TvalsaCino centri gaxda, saero filosofiuri mecnierebebis ganviTarebis foniT gelaTs meore aTens uwodebdnen, saeklesio_sasuliero moRvaweobisa da ganaTlebis mixedviT ki meore ierusalimad miaCndaT.(b.lominaZe, :codna: Tb.1959. :gelaTi: gv.4,5)gelaTis istoriuli Zegli mdebareobs tyibulis raionSi,quTaisidan 10 kilometris daSorebiT. Mmonasteri dgas amaRlebul agilze romelsac samxreT_aRmosavleTiT foTlovani tye akravs, dasavleTiT Caudis patara mdinare wyalwiTela. Aadgili sadac gaSenebulia Zegli, xelovnurad aris gavakebuli. Zeglis ezo moicav 4 heqtars, romelic oTxi metri simaRlis galavniTaa SemosazRvruli.Ggaredan gelaTis Zeglebi gamagrebuli yofila cixekoSkebiT. amaTgan Cvenamde 5 patara SemorCa. erTi maTgani dResac amayad dahyurebs gelaTSi Semaval gzas. Mmas xalxuri gadmocemiT daviTis koncxs eZaxian. mTis Ziridan Zeglis ezoSi Camoedineba civi wyaro.gelaTis Zeglis Semdegi istoriuli nagebobebi Seadgenen:RvTismSoblis saxelobis mTavari taZari.wminda giorgis saxelobis patara eklesia.wminda nikoloz saswaulmomqmedis eklesia.samreklo Zveli sapyrobile.ganjis qalaqis cixis kari.umaRlesi skolis (akademiis) Senoba (mxolod kedlebi da Sesavalia gadarCenili)ezos gadaRma mdgari qvis patacebiani nageboba, romelsac soxasters eZaxian.wminda ilias saxelobis eklesia.Yyvela mdebare eklesia nageboba did yuradRebas da specialur Seswavlas saWiroebs. winamdebare Sromis mizania aRvweroT TiToeuli nageboba, xolo sanam dasaxelebuli Zeglebis aRweras SevudgebiT, saWirod migvaCnia mokled davaxasieTod is pirovneba romlis SemoqmedebasTanaa dakavSirebuli gelaTi.RvTismSoblis saxelobis gelaTis monasteri mTavari taZari agebulia saqarTvelos saxelovani mefis daviT aRmaSeneblis mier, Tumca zogierTi cnobiT, aq monasteri arsebobda xsenebul mefemdec. magaliTad: bagrat II_is garjaSi vkiTxulobT (mTavarangelozis eklesia (gelaTSi) murvan yrum daaqciao)gelaTis monastris aSenebis Sesaxeb daviTis istorikosTagan vkiTxulovT: rameTu moigona aRmSeneba monastrisa da daamtkica romelica gamoirCia mRvdelma saRmrToman adgilsa yovlad mSveniersa da yovliTurT unaklosa, romelsa Sina viTarca meore cad gardaakarva taZariyovlad wmindisa da ufrosad kurTxeulsa ,dedisaRmTisa, sivrciTa da nivTTa sikeTiTa, simravliTa da moqnulobiTa SesworebulobiTa, romelTa aw Tana xedven xedven Tualni yovelTani..marTla adgili, sadac aSenebulia gelaTis monasteri, yovlad mSvenieri da unakloa. Mmnaxvels izidavs misi simSveniere, civiwyali da tyiT Semosili mTa romlic taZars zed dascqeris.daviT aRmaSenebels monastris Seneba dauwyia Tavis mefobis me_17 wels monastris ageba damTavrda, rogorc wyaroebidan Cans 1130 wels. daviT aRmaSenebeli gardaicvala 1125 wels . maSasadame am saxelovani monastris damTavrebas daviTi ar unda moswreboda.Eeklesia daumTavrebia da ukurTxebia demetres. laSa giorgis mematiane demetres sikvdilis Sesaxeb wers: demetre mefe meltis cixes miicvala da gelaTs wamoiyvanes misganve kurTxeulsa axalsa monastersa. Nnawilobriv samarTlian SeniSvnas iZleva amis SesaxebT.Jordania: daviTis sikvdilis Jams gelaTi aRSenebuli iqneboda da mxolod mxatvroba da samkauli ekldebodao, xolo Tu daviTi calke SenobaSi daimarxa, es imis momaswavlebelia, rom albaT daviTs es Senoba kerZod Tavis sasaflaod anu Zeglad augia. Ra dauSlida mas Tavis eklesiaSi damarxvas Tumdac gelaTi dausrulebeli yofiliyo. 1118 wels taZari naxevradac ar iqneboda aSenebuli, magram giorgi Wyondideli mainc daamarxina taZarSi mefem.im faqts, rom daviTis survili iyo misave calke aSenebul SenobaSi daekrZalad, misave saflavis qvis warwerac mowmobs: ese ars gansasvenebeli Cemi ukunisi ukunisamde, rameTu ase mTnavs aq davemkvidro me.:daviT aRmaSeneblis gelaTis mSeneblobis damTavrebas srulad moeswro ubralod taZars moxatva_gamSvenierebaga eklda.gelaTis didi taZari garedan Raribia,ornamentebiT Semkulia mxolod mcire nawili.Aam mxriv sayuradReboa yurZnis mtevani, gamokveTili saxuravis kuTxeze, dasavleTis mxridan.Ffriad sayuradReboa erTgan, aRmosavleTis mxridan didi fanjris gamokveTiloba. erTi sityviT es Zvirfasi Zegli gare ornamentebiT TiTqmis gauformebelia. ra Tqma unda gelaTis mSenebeli arqiteqtorebi ar iyvnen Sesaferis codnas moklebulni, magram daviTis dros es ver moeswro da amitom ambobs mefe. ;xolo damrCa monasteri samarxavi Cemi da saZvale SvilTa CemTa usrulod da wamyva misTvisca tkivili samaradisod;taZari agebulia uzarmazari Tlili qvebiT, qvebis Seswavlidan gamoirkva, rom isini iqve maxlobeli mTidan aris Camotanili. taZari daxuruli yofila Txeli qvis filaqebiT. (zomebiT 90_50s)ramdenime saukunis Semdeg qvis saxuravi auyriaT dam is sanacvlod gadauxuravT farTo kramitiT romlis zoma (38_26s) zemodan wasmuli aqvs cixferi glazuri. Semdeg is solomon I_ls TunuqiT gadauxuravs.taZari sadaa, gumbaTi eyrdnoba oTx svets dasavleTis mxriv aris qandara, romelic gamodis taZris Sida centrisaken, aqvs asavali qvis kibe, qandara Zveleburi xis rikulebiTaa irgvliv SemozRuduli. taZars aqvs minaSenebi calke karibWe, dasavleTis mxridan, mTels sigrZeze CrdiloeTiT da samxreTiT sam_sami minaSeni, patara eklesiebis msgavsi. cxadi Cans rom es minaSenebi, Tavdapirvelad gegmaSi ar Sedioda, magaliTad CrdiloeTis mxriT mTavari taZris gareTa nawili garkveviT Cans da am gareTa kedelze miSenebulia SedarebiT axali da patara eklesiis msgavsi ekvderebi.taZris SigniT, marcxena CrdiloeTiT frTaSi, aris specialurad Tlili qvisgan agebuli patara gumbaTovani eklesiis msgavsi kaTalikosis dasajdomi taxti warweriT:„moixsene ufalo taxtisa amis aRmSenebeli mefis aleqsandres Ze mitropoliti ioseb mas welsa iyo qriste aqeT q_ki C.R."Ees taxti rogorc warweridan Cans me_18 saukunis meore naxevars ekuTvnis. Aam adgilas adre Zveli taxti yofila Zvirfasi feradi marmarilosgan aSenebuli, magram dangreulia TurqTa Semosevebis dros da gvian ki mis nacvlad msgavsi axali augiaT.mTavari taZris kedlebi moxatulia freskebiT, romelic TariRdeba XII_XVIII saukuniT.taZris mTavari CrdiloeTis kedelze, sul qvemoT, istoriul pirTa preskebia warmodgenili. Pirvel rigSi aRsaniSnavia TviT daviT aRmaSeneblis suraTi, rogorc am taZris aRmSenebels, mas marcxena xelSi uWiravs am eklesiis modeli, xolo marcxena xelSi gragnili.gelaTSi daviT aRmaSeneblis portretze asomTavruli warwera aqvs.D"didi me TaSswrC inbliAaRmSn blis sukndMca ars ns nbadT mis amin"daviTis portretis gverZe moTavsebulia afxazeTis kaTalikosis evdemones suraTi (1540_1578). iqve arian imereTis mefe bagrat III (1510_1565 mefoba). Dda misi meuRle elene dedofali. Aam portretebs zevidan aweria: "mefeT mefe bagrati da dedofalT_defali elene"bagratisa da misi meuRlis gverdiT aris maTi Svili giorgis, rZlis rusudanis da bagratis (SviliSvilis) portretebis zemodan warwerebiT: mefeT mefe giorgi, dedofali rusudani da Ze maTi bagrat"evdomine kaTalikosis brZanebiT mouxatavT es freska, rogorc danarCeni sxva.sakurTxevlis Zirs registries mxatroba me_16 saukunis unda iyos Semdegi warwera amtkicebs: "daamyare ufalo saxeli ese kldesa zeda sarwmunoebisa amin adides zeda sarwmunoebisaamin adides RmerTman ZmaTa maTTa oriTav cxovrebasa Sina amin."Aam aSiis zemoT aris moxatuli mRvdelmTavrebi CrdiloeTidan moyolebuli samxreTisaken yvela maTgans aqvs nusxuri warwera: "wa grigol akrakandeli, wa kirile aleqsandreli, wa ioane oqropiri" amis Semdeg moxatulia qristes gardamoxsna aqeT_iqeT angelozebiT xolo am oqros portrets warwera ar aqvs. sakurTxevelze warmodgenilia RvTismSoblis mozaikuri gamosaxuleba, qristeTi xelSi da marjvniv da marcxniv mTavarangelozebiT RvTismshobeli gamosaxulia oqros areze odnav xeli ukidia mwvane saxuravisTvis, romelzedac zis misi Ze ieso, es ukanaskneli erTi xeliT iZleva kurTxevas meore xelSi uWiravs gragnili oqros foCi yovlad wminda ERvTismSoblis saxuravisa xelovnurad xatavs tansacmlis elvarebas mixeili da gabriel mTavarangelozebi muxlmodrekiT dganan iqeT_aqeT.Mmozaikis qvemodan aweria Semdegi sityvebi: "saxelsa Sina Svenis siwminde ufal sigrZesa Sa"samxreT kedlis Zirs warmodgenilia mariamis ukanaskneli wuTebi, xolo amis zemoT warmodgenilia RvTismSoblis miZineba.beTanis baRi iudas xeze CamoxrCobis scena, qristes gasamarTleba da golgoTas gza.Aam karibWis Semdeg sayuradReboa samxreTis ekvderi romelsac Tamaris ekvders uwodeben da bevri fiqrobs rom swored gelaTSia Tamari dasaflavebuli Tumca es jer kidev dauzustebelia.didi taZris samxreTiT ezoSi grZeli or sarTulianiSenobaa swored am Senobis Zira sarTulzea daviT aRmaSenebeli dakrZaluli, zemodan adevs didi qva warweriT: "esa ars gansasvenebeli Cemi, ukuniTi ukuniTamde rameTu esa mTnavs amass davemkvidro me"daviTis mizani iyo gelaTi gadaeqcia mefeTa samarxad, daviTis Semdgomi mefeebi gelaTSi arian dasaflavebulebi.gelaTSi dasaflavebulebi arian: daviT aRmaSenebeli, demetre, giorgi III, Tamari, laSa_giorgi, vaxtang II, daviT VII, bagrati, aleqsandre, bagrat III, aleqsandre III, aleqsandre V, solomon I.aseve arian sxvadasxva sasuliero pirebi: evdemon CxetiZe, Ggabriel episkoposi, svimon wulukiZe, ioane ioseliani, genadi axvlediani. taZris gareTac aris sasuliero pirebi dakrZaluli romelTa saxelic aRar ikiTxeba. (g.gogsaZe "narkvevebi gelaTis Zeglis istoriidan" 1949. Tbilisi. Ggv.4_70)Sua adgilze agebulia RvTismSoblis didi taZari igi aago daviT aRmaSenebelma 1106_1125 wlebSi da dRemde ucvlelad aris moRweuli. igi jvarul_gumbaTovani tipisaa da iTvleba Sua sk.ebis qarTuli arqiteqturis SesaniSnav nimuSad.GgelaTis taZari Tavisi drois ZeglTan SedarebiT kerZo Taviseburebebsac iCens. taZari uxvadaa Semkuli arqiteqtoruli dekoriT, magram mas ar gaaCnia tradiciuli moCuqurTmeba da sadadaa darCenili.RvTismSoblis taZris dRevandeli SigniTa moxatuloba da warwerebi XVI_XVII sk_ebs miekuTvneba. gelaTis mozaika Tavisi maRali mxatvruli RirebulebebiT gansakuTrebul yuradRebas imsaxurebs ara mxolod qarTuli xelovnebis istoriis ganviTarebaSi, aramed msoflio xelovnebaSic.RvTismSoblis figura yrma isesoTi, romelsac mTel kompoziciaSi centraluri adgili uWiravs, odnav mobrunebuli marjvniv erTgvarad bunebrivi moZraobiT xasiaTdeba, RvTismSobeli aris molurjo tansacmliT, xolo yrma ieso Ria feris moelvare tansacmliT.RvTismSoblis eklesiis aRmosavleTiT dgas wm. Ggiorgis eklesia, romelic aSenebulia XIII sk. Eeklesia jvris formisaa, centralur gumbaTovani aqvs sarkmeli, sakurTxevelSi dgas qvis magida da qvis skami, kedlebi muq lurjad aris moxatuli.Wminda giorgis taZris gumbaTis Sublze ikiTxeba: "qriste adide orTave Sina cxovreba mefeT mefe giorgi da dedofalTa dedofali Tamari da Ze maTi aleqsandre gagvizarde RmerTo"gelaTis ZeglTa Soris wminda nikolozis eklesia yvelaze axalia, magram misi aSenebis dro jerjerobiT cnobili araa. Zveli wyaroebiT mas "oTxsvetovan eklesias" uwodebdnen, eklesias viwro qvis kibe aqvs. (b.lominadze "codna Tb. 1959 gelaTi")gelaTis monastris didi taZris Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT aris samreklo Senoba Sua sarTulSi Zlieri, sqeli kedlebis mqone patara qvis oTaxia moTavsebuli patara sarkmliT, oTaxs erTi kari aqvs, Signidan mixveul moxveuli kibiT adis samrekloze.daviT aRmaSeneblis saflavis win aris kedelSi Casmuli rkinis kari, am rkinis karis Sesaxeb mravali sayuradRebo cnoba arsebobs: mas zogierTi ganjis qalaqis kars uwodebs.(g.gogsaZe "narkvevebi gelaTis Zeglis istoriidan" 1949. gamomcemloba Tbilisi gv.74)XII_XIII saukuneSi gelaTis monasters miniWebuli hqonda sruli avtonomia, aRiarebda mxolod mefis umaRles xelisuflebas. saqarTvelos kaTolikos patriarqsac ki ar hqonda araviTari saxelisuflebo Zala. gelaTis monasterSi mefes TviTon hyavda Tavisi warmomadgeneli monastris ufrosi monazvnebi da moZRvarT moZRvari, romelic samefo darbazis wevrad iTvleboda. XIII_XVI_Si qveynis polit.ekon. dakninebis gamo (monRolebi, Temurlengis Semosevebi, gamwvavebuli Sina feodaluri saadgilmamulo brZolebi.) gelaTis monasterSi ekon. da kult. cxovreb Seaferxa.misi Zveli mdgomareoba nawilobriv aRadgina giorgi Wyondidelma.(q.s.e. 1978 garigeba_ege gv.37)saqarTvelos warsuli istoria ucxoel dampyrobelTa xSiri da gamanadgurebeli SemosevebiT xasiaTdeba, ramac kulturis mravali Zegli moSala da nangrevebad aqcia.gelaTi fizikurad gadarCa da mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula misma geografiulma mdebareobam.gelaTi UZvirfaseulobisa da erovnuli siwmindeebis ganTqmul xazinad iyo miCneuli, am gziT moxda xaxulis xvTismSoblis xati (XI_XIII) awyuris (XVII) da biWvinTis RvTismSoblis xatebis Senaxva.(g.lominaZe "gelaTi" Tbilisi. 1955. saq.ssr.mecn.akad.gam_ba. Ggv.19)

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